Use Modular Plant Design...

An adjustable, modular design approach matches varying and partial loads more efficiently.

• Evaluate chillers and boilers of unequal size;  provides more flexibility to match load. 

• Understand relative merits of different plant unit designs.

Variable Air Volume vs. Constant Volume...

• VAV systems adjust in response to a varying laboratory load.

• Generally, a CV system has the lowest first cost while VAV equipment usually produces the lowest life-cycle cost, especially in new installations.

• VAV offers significant safety benefits (constant face velocity and room pressure relationships).

• CV system controls are simple, compared to VAV controls.

• CV systems rarely provide constant flow.